An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual...

American Economic Association An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual Property Author(s): Stanley M. Besen and Leo J. Raskind Reviewed work(s): Source: The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Winter, 1991), pp. 3-27 Published by: American Economic Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1942699 . Accessed: 24/11/2011 08:39 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase†¦show more content†¦It is intended both to provide thumbnail descriptions of the various intellectual property regimes to economists working in this area and to indicate where additional economic research might be useful. The other papers in this symposium provide important examples of ongoing research on the economics of intellectual property. Suzanne Scotchmer analyzes the complex effects of patent protection when innovation is cumulative. Rather than analyzing situations in which several firms vie to develop the same innovation-the approach of the patent race literature-her analysis examines circumsta nces in which only one firm can develop an initial innovation but others can also build upon it. She focuses on how the incentive to develop both the initial and subsequent inventions may be affected by the scope of patent protection. Janusz Ordover considers ways of adjusting the patent system that may help to both provide returns to the inventor, and encourage the diffusion of the innovation in the economy. His paper is part of a line of work that explores the place of the intellectual property system among the large number of institutions that affect the amount and nature of research and development that takes place. In the final paper, DavidShow MoreRelatedProtection of Intellectual Property Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesProtection of Intellectual Property Introduction There is a lot of controversy about intellectual property and its application to software. There are many difficult, fundamental questions that arise, such as exactly what aspects of a piece of software should be protected under copyright or patent. [5] Despite the fact that applying existing laws to software is not very straight-forward, some sort of legal protection for intellectual property is necessary, as it provides a significant amount ofRead MoreCopyright Law Protects Functional Products, Processes, And Designs1315 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction â€Å"Intellectual Property†(IP) provides an intangible property rights protecting a product or creations, and regulates the uses of different sorts of ideas and insignia such as industrial design, literature, and artistic works inclusive of symbols, names and images. It is enforced by means of patented inventions, copyrights and trademarks where each protects distinct subject matter and promotes a unique social goal. Patent law protects functional products, processes andRead MoreEconomic And Social Status Of China1549 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Not only economically but socially, influences of China has been substantial. 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In this essay I am going to discuss why copyright laws are important in today’s businessRead MoreIntellectual Property Rights And Competition Law1304 Words   |  6 PagesAIM Critical analysis on when the use of intellectual property rights turns into abuse of intellectual property rights and further analysis on the trend of European competition authorities towards Intellectual property rights with specific reference to what is reiterated in the Magill cases. Introduction Intellectual property rights and competition law both seem to intervene at different junctures; however they work for attainment of one common goal that is consumer welfare. The reasons for thisRead MoreBarriers to Foreign Investment in the Chinese Internet Industry1675 Words   |  7 Pagescountry has the largest Internet user population among all countries in the Asia-Pacific region. 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Freud And Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay - 2531 Words

Freud And Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist and at the forefront of the humanist movement in psychology, proposed a theory concerning basic human motivations that are based upon a hierarchy of needs. (Boeree 1998, 2006) Often described or pictured as a pyramid, basic physiological drives like thirst, hunger and sleep, as well as the need for safety, shelter and some feeling of security are the motivational needs that occupy the bottom tiers of the pyramid.. They provide the foundation for higher levels of needs to become present and available that the individual is aroused or driven to attain. Once those physiological and safety needs are met then the individual looks to love and be loved, to belong†¦show more content†¦While the constraints of brevity in paper length and the minimal knowledge held by the author of the life of Sigmund Freud does not do justice to the complex person that is Freud, we can still hopefully garner a better understanding of Maslows hierarchy of need s and the person that is Sigmund Freud. While concerning ourselves more with Freud the person, as opposed to how his work or theories might fit into Maslows pyramid, lets move Freud through the five original levels of Maslows hierarchy and see what we might learn of both Maslows theory, and Sigmund Freud. Maslows foundation tier, the one upon which all others are built upon, is the physiological need. Air to breathe, food and water, and adequate sleep are all basic biological needs that the individual must have met. Not only to be motivated by the next level of need in the hierarchy, but to survive. The bodys biological drives to fulfill these needs will predominate all other activities, as the very life of the organism is at stake. ( Boeree 1998, 2006) Built just atop these most basic of biological needs is a need for safety. Shelter is imperative for the survival and growth of the individual and her immediate loved ones. Beyond just shelter, however, the safety need motivates theShow MoreRelatedMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesmotivations that was based upon a hierarchy of needs. Basic physiological drives like thirst, hunger and sleep, as well as the need for safety, shelter and some feeling of security are the motivational needs that must first be met. They provide the foundation for higher level of motivations to become present and available as needs the indvidual is aroused to attain. Each higher order of motivational need is built upon a more basic need. After physiological and safety needs are met then the individualRead MorePersonality Paper1187 Words   |  5 Pagesbecause of the movie, â€Å"A Beautiful Mind†. Taking a look at John Nash and his personality and how psychologists, such as Jung and Freud would see John Nash through their diagnoses. Also taking a look at how different theories would go up against John Nash and his everyday life. The different theories that will be looked at are the Five-factor model and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. John Forbes Nash John Nash â€Å"is by now arguably the best-known living scholar to have done serious academic work on economicRead MoreAbraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Essay1019 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs is one of the first theories of motivation and probably the best-known one. 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In the beginning, Freud divided the human mind into the three parts; the conscious – the part that contains our present feelings and thoughts, the preconsciousRead MoreThe Psychodynamic And Humanistic Perspective1640 Words   |  7 Pagescharacteristics that give both consistently and individuality to a person’s behaviour† (Feist, pg. 4). The two perspectives we will be exploring are the psychodynamic and the humanistic perspective. The psychodynamic theory; influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud; stresses that our unconscious mind plays a major part in an individual’s personality, whereas, the humanistic theory; influenced by the work of Abraham Maslow; focuses on free will and experience in the development of personality. I chose these twoRead MorePersonality, Cognitive, And Humanistic Perspect ives Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud (1856-1939). Freud was one of the first psychologists to discuss the unconscious mind and its role in behaviour. 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DefinitionRead MoreTaking a Look at Personality Theories777 Words   |  4 Pagesof Neurotic Needs. Freud’s theory of Psychosexual talked about how personality develops during childhood. Erikson’s theory of Psychosocial Development is best-known for describing the impact social experiences has throughout the whole lifespan. And at last, Horney’s theory of Neurotic Needs focused on neurosis and how basic anxiety can be caused by interpersonal relationships. I believe the Psychoanalytic theory was probably the most influential force because it was inspired by Freud and was expandedRead More A Deconstruction of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty Essay793 Words   |  4 Pagesmisfit in society.   He is often unaware of the world around him and reacts in what others would call a negative way to those situations he actually responds to.   However, close examination of the text used by James Thurber to portray him prompts a need to deconstruct the character Walter Mitty.   In doing so, we find that, far from being a misfit, he is actually the one member of society that is truly sound. To determine that he is truly unique, we must first show that Mitty has elevated himselfRead MoreMaslow and Jung: Life and the Workplace955 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace We work, strive, succeed, and sometimes we fail. What drives us to succeed, or in some cases keeps us from success? Perhaps a better understanding of our motives, and the motives of our colleagues would help us make the personality changes we need to succeed. The way we interact with others in the workplace and our personal life may be improved. The Freudian theories opened our minds to many of our odd behaviors but did little to provide methods of self-examination. Very few of us have the

Greek And Roman Architecture Essay Paper Example For Students

Greek And Roman Architecture Essay Paper Running Head: Greek and Roman Architecture Greek and Roman Architecture By: Michelle Garrotters Art 101 November 2nd, 2008 Head: Greek and Roman Architecture Compare the characteristics and innovation of each Greek and Roman Architecture. The Greek and Roman architecture is very impressive for not only their time but also in our time today. The Greek architecture uses the columns in almost all of their temples. The shapes of the columns were extremely important to the Greeks. They used three different types of columns. The Doric, Ionic, and the Corinthian. All of these columns have a center piece that would be for displaying their Greek God(s) with what ever decorations. The Temple of Olympian Zeus is an example of Corinthian columns. The Temple of Poseidon is an example of Doric columns, and Athens is an example of Ionic columns. The Greeks usually built with either mud, wood, plaster, and/or stone. Most of their buildings have not stood the test of time. Only temples made with marble or limestone these were built as objects of art honoring their different gods. These have been able to withstand the damage that time brings. The Roman architecture used mostly arches in their works. Which held more weight than the columns. Yes they used columns but only as decoration because of the weight. The Pantheon in Rome is a great example of this architecture. This building housed two kings and is one of the biggest surviving building in Rome. Romans used the same materials as the Greeks especially the Marble and Limestone. But they perfected the use of concrete, which is what most of their structures are made with. Most of the Romans buildings that are still preserved today are amphitheaters, bathhouses, aqueducts, and public housing. Unlike the Greeks the Romans did their buildings with lots of ornate on both inside and outside reflecting the Pursuit of Pleasure which is an essential part of the Roman culture. In summary, Greek architecture is more rectilinear and of post and lintel construction. Greek buildings usually rectilinear, consisted to a pediment supported by columns on a plinth for a base. Romans mastered the arch and the dome. Concrete made it possible to have more complex forms. Columns were used in both with the Greek favoring the Doric and Ionic for the cleaner lines. While the Romans preferred to use the more ornate Corinthian style columns.

The Battle Of Antietam Essay Example For Students

The Battle Of Antietam Essay The battle of Antietam Patrick MoffattIn the battle of Antietam, also known as the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, the Union forces vastly out-numbered the Confederates. The Unions inadequate commanders and generals included, Major-General George Brinton McClellan, Major-General Joseph Hooker (1Corps), Major-General Edwin V. Sumner (2 Corps), Major-General Fitz-John Porter (5 Corps), Major-general William B. Franklin (4 Corps), Major-General Ambrose E. Burnside (11 Corps), Major-General Joseph Mansfield (8 Corps), and Brigadier-General Alfred Pleasonton (Cavalry Division). The Union army was split up into 195 infantry regiments, 14 cavalry regiments and 63 batteries, which gave McClellan a total strength of approximately 87,000 men and 378 guns. Of these 2,108 men were killed, 9549 were wounded, and 753 were captured or missing. The Confederate Generals and leaders were as follows: General Robert E. Lee, Major-General Thomas J. We will write a custom essay on The Battle Of Antietam specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Jackson (Jacksons Corps), Major-General James Longstreet (Longstreets Corps), and Brigadier-General William Pendleton (Reserve Artillery). Lees strength only amassed to 86 regiments of infantry, 15 of cavalry and 73 batteries of artillery which gave him a total of 40,000 men and 292 guns. Of this force 1,512 men were killed, 7,816 wounded, and 1,844 captured or missing. At 2 P. M., 117 September 1862, the actual order to start the attack on Lee was given but due to delays only a desultory artillery engagement took place. Due to the delay the original plan was changed. The new plan included moving Hookers Corps across the northern end of the creek that was farthest from the confederates lines. With Sumner and Mansfeild standing by, McClellan launched a devastating flank assault on the left side of Lees army. At 6 P.M., the men from Hookers Corps crossed the creek and stumbled into Jacksons skirmish line. Thus alerting Jackson, after a small skirmish, to the presence of and movement of McClellans right wing. Lee was ready to face McClellan even though he only had 27,000 troops deployed. Where as McClellan had 75,000 in battle array. At 6. AM. Hooker sent his 10 brigades down the Hagerstown Turnpike. Brigadier-General Lawton sent a strong fore of Rebel Infantry into the cornfield, witch laid in the path of the Union attack. From hookers position he could see the sun shining off the bayonets of the confederate soldiers hidden in the corn. Hooker opens fire on the soldiers with his 36 cannons as well as Mclellans heavy battery. Jackson called for more troops. In response . H. Hill sent up three of his brigades, and John Bell Hood, Who had taken the men of his demi-division out of the line to cook their first hot meal in three days, also came up to meet the Yankee onslaught. Jacksons counter attack broke like a great wave on a breakwater. The tiring soldiers of the 1 corps fell back in confusion. Amongst the attacks and counter attacks Major-General Joseph K. F. Mansfield was hit with a stray shot. Brigadier-General Alpheus Williams tock over the 8 corps. Lee then ordered Walker and McLaws from the reserves to strengthen the left flank. By this time, Jackson had stopped the Union attacks but more than half his own command was now wounded or dead. Jackson (Stonwall) watched the long blue lines of troops approaching, and hurriedly scraped together the remains of his command, and placed them behind trees and rocks. When the Union forces were no more than a few yards away from the edge of the woods, the Confederates popped up and delivered a devistating volley of lead shot to the Union soldiers. Then Walker and Mclaws reached the field, ensuring the collapse of Sedgwicks flank. .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .postImageUrl , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:hover , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:visited , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:active { border:0!important; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:active , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tying the Strings Essay Half of the Unions 5000 men regiment had fallen and the other half retreated. There were many other battles that made up the battle of Antietam but I have summed-up and described the basic tactics used by both sides. The battles forced Lee out of northern soil and gave the Union a victorHistory Essays