cold war Essay -- essays research papers

The cold War The Cold War was a response to the perceived threat by the United States that Communism would interfere with national security and economic stakes in the world. It was a perceived threat by communist countries that the United States would take to the world. During the Cold War, the United States, Russia, and other countries made efforts to avoid another world war, while warring in proxy in other lands. The devastation caused by the hydrogen bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the next technological advancements became only deterrents to the public. Governments had their own agenda which would result in worsening the strain between nations. The United States hid behind a curtain of nationalism resulting in increased hatred and mistrust between the people of the United States and Russia. Noam Chomsky reminds us that Communism is a broad term that includes those with the ability to get control of mass movements. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles once stated that, â€Å"The poor people are the ones they appeal to and they have always wanted to plunder the rich.† So, in one view, the U.S. felt they must be overcome, to protect our doctrine that the rich should ravage the poor. This became another motivation for the Cold War. In his historical account of the events leading to the Cold War, Jacob Heilbrunn reports that after World War II, â€Å"realists†¦ agreed that Soviet aggrandizement was responsible for the cold war.† (Heilbrunn) They felt the reason, rather than Communism, Heilbrunn notes, was that â€Å"Stalin was pursuing Russian national interests that dated back to the czars.† Others, however, accused the president and Congress â€Å"of following a consistent policy of economic imperialism, â€Å" tracing it back to the â€Å"Open Door Diplomacy of the nineteenth century, which outlined â€Å"an insatiable American appetite for new [economic] markets.† (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Gabriel Kolko also felt th at Roosevelt’s anti-Russia stance was formed to create dominance by the United States in world economic markets. (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Leffler’s A Preponderance of Power, has become the â€Å"sacred text of the neo-revisionists.† (Heilbrunn) Leffler claims that U.S. security policy was established between 1940 and 1946 based on geopolitics, not economics. Truman was far from fearing a Soviet military attack and was defending American economic stability... ...not easy accomplishments but were satisfied by the constant insistence of the threat of the great enemy. This phase has ended, but conflicts continue. The Soviet Union may have called off the war, but the U.S. is continuing as before, even more freely with Soviet obstruction a thing of the past. George Bush celebrated the symbolic end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, by immediately invading Panama and announcing that the U.S. would overturn Nicaragua’s election by maintaining its economic stranglehold and military attack unless â€Å"our side† won. With the threat of the Soviet Union no longer existing the U.S. is now free to use unlimited force against almost anyone it may choose. The end of the Cold War has caused its problems too as new enemies have needed to be invented. This problem has been solved quite easily if you were to look at the United States’ current international footing. A new and possibly better convincing enemy has been found i n the likes of Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden. The U.S. government has continued a policy of convincing the American public of the great evil existing elsewhere to achieve their economic, technological and defensive objectives.

Groupon Case Study Essay

Groupon has grow from 400 subscribers to 60 million subscribers world wide within five years, it’s fastest growing company in history. Groupon stands for group coupon that requires certain amount of subscribers to sign up for the deal. Moreover, there is a daily deal for local or national business, people can easy to use and redeem, so it raises the possibility for people to sign up. Furthermore, the most significant thing that Groupon is running based on the Internet, so it’s easy for people to discover and shop. Wherever the people are, they can just use their smartphone to check if there has any deal near them. 2. The Groupon Promise is an important rule for customer. Customer can return any Groupon they purchased if they don’t feel satisfied with the products, even if they used, there is no question ask. Therefore, people don’t need to worry about whether they will waste their money if they buy the products they don’t like. There is no risk taken for any customer. 4. There are possible psychological and sociological influences the Groupon consumer purchase decision process. Due to the recession, people have tried to save money, so people who are interested in other coupon websites, they may be also interested in Groupon. Moreover, after customers have used Groupon for several times, Groupon have begun personalizing deal for their customers. This process offers deals for customers that they are more likely to be interested in and purchase. Furthermore, every deal on Gropon websites will show customers how many other customer have purchased, so people won’t think they are the fist person to try the product, and take the risk. When customers see there are a lot of people buying this product, they may think it may be a good product, and I should get one. It enhances the customers to purchase, and quantity that company sells. 5. There are three challenges for Groupon in the future. First, there are customers who are dissatisfied with Groupon, or buy the Groupon and never use it. They are looking for regular customers. In order to solve this issue, I think Groupon need to evaluate the reason why people are not satisfied with their products. They need to control the quality they sell because it can affect or even ruin their reputation. Second, Groupon has difficulty on growth in the USA. There are more deals in US, but they don’t have many customers in here. I think Groupon need to discover what people really need to raise the sale in US. Even though they have more customers abroad than here, US citizens still have a stronger buying power than other countries. Finally, Groupon are competing with other coupon websites. I think Groupon need to keep their current customers by personalize their deals, and sending any promotion if customers have spent certain amount of money. Also, they need to attract more new customers such as giving a coupon, so people can use a free coupon to buy a coupon or products. No mater those customers will be regular customers or not, when they start to use a free coupon, they start the business with Groupon, and they are potentially be the regular customers in the future.

The Synthesis And Characterization Of Biodiesel Fuels

Introduction North America consumes one third of the world’s energy supply which mainly comes from fossil fuels. Over time, people’s dependency on fossil fuels has become a problem. Fossil fuels are essentially limited in supply so people can’t depend on them for all of their energy needs. They also have a negative environmental effect on our world: global warming, acid rain, air pollution, etc. (U.S. Fossil Fuel Dependency). One way to solve this problem is by encouraging the use of biodiesel fuels. Biodiesel fuel synthesis has been known of for a while but is just now gaining more attention. The production and use of biodiesel fuels has the potential to reduce the negative environmental impact that fossil fuels have and reduce the dependency of foreign fuels (Biofuels Basics). This experiment focused on the synthesis and characterization of biodiesel fuels. Experiment The first part of the experiment was to prepare the biodiesel fuel. Each group was given a different oil to synthesize. Students measured their oil into a beaker and placed it on a hot plate with a stir bar. When the oil reached 50â„Æ', a mixture of 0.5mL of 9MNaOH and 10 mL of methanol were added to it. After 20 more minutes of stirring the oil, students fill centrifuge tubes with the biodiesel mixture and place them in the centrifuge. Students then transfer the top biodiesel layer into a small beaker using a Pasteur pipet. After creating the biodiesel, students now had to test the viscosity, effects ofShow MoreRelatedAn Experiment on the Synthesis and Characterization of Biodiesel Fuel820 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction In this experiment, the focus will be the synthesis and characterization of biodiesel fuel. Biodiesel seems to have become the substitute for fossil fuel. It can also be an alternative for the petroleum-based biodiesel. By having renewable resources such as corn, soybeans, peanuts and other makes biodiesel a viable option. Using these resources wouldn’t help alleviate the problems with fossil fuel in the US. Biodiesel is produced from the transesterification reaction of vegetableRead MoreThe Internal Combustion Engine5941 Words   |  24 Pagescenturies ago, humans have become increasingly reliant on fuel to power these engines. Our only method, historically, for obtaining this fuel is to probe the earth and oceans until crude oil is struck. Crude oil is termed a fossil fuel as it takes hundreds of millions of years to form. Crude oil is extracted from a geological reservoir and subsequently refined into the various fuels which we use at ever increasing rates (petroleum, d iesel, aviation fuel etc). Unfortunately we are not finding new oil depositsRead MoreDried Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) Leaves in Ethanol Production6983 Words   |  28 PagesHazel Jane Muriel C. March 2012 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND We all know that ethanol or ethyl alcohol has a very good contribution to our life. Ethyl alcohol is an important industrial chemical. It is used as a solvent, in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, and as an additive to automotive gasoline (forming a mixture known as a gasohol). Ethyl alcohol is also the intoxicating ingredient of many alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, and distilled spirits (Britannica Encyclopedia)

An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual...

American Economic Association An Introduction to the Law and Economics of Intellectual Property Author(s): Stanley M. Besen and Leo J. Raskind Reviewed work(s): Source: The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Winter, 1991), pp. 3-27 Published by: American Economic Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1942699 . Accessed: 24/11/2011 08:39 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase†¦show more content†¦It is intended both to provide thumbnail descriptions of the various intellectual property regimes to economists working in this area and to indicate where additional economic research might be useful. The other papers in this symposium provide important examples of ongoing research on the economics of intellectual property. Suzanne Scotchmer analyzes the complex effects of patent protection when innovation is cumulative. Rather than analyzing situations in which several firms vie to develop the same innovation-the approach of the patent race literature-her analysis examines circumsta nces in which only one firm can develop an initial innovation but others can also build upon it. She focuses on how the incentive to develop both the initial and subsequent inventions may be affected by the scope of patent protection. Janusz Ordover considers ways of adjusting the patent system that may help to both provide returns to the inventor, and encourage the diffusion of the innovation in the economy. His paper is part of a line of work that explores the place of the intellectual property system among the large number of institutions that affect the amount and nature of research and development that takes place. In the final paper, DavidShow MoreRelatedProtection of Intellectual Property Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesProtection of Intellectual Property Introduction There is a lot of controversy about intellectual property and its application to software. There are many difficult, fundamental questions that arise, such as exactly what aspects of a piece of software should be protected under copyright or patent. [5] Despite the fact that applying existing laws to software is not very straight-forward, some sort of legal protection for intellectual property is necessary, as it provides a significant amount ofRead MoreCopyright Law Protects Functional Products, Processes, And Designs1315 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction â€Å"Intellectual Property†(IP) provides an intangible property rights protecting a product or creations, and regulates the uses of different sorts of ideas and insignia such as industrial design, literature, and artistic works inclusive of symbols, names and images. It is enforced by means of patented inventions, copyrights and trademarks where each protects distinct subject matter and promotes a unique social goal. Patent law protects functional products, processes andRead MoreEconomic And Social Status Of China1549 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Not only economically but socially, influences of China has been substantial. Economic and social status of China are firm that it can not be oversighted. However, law related intellectual property rights has been rising issues in China. First step to solve the problem is realize there is one. It is critical to recognize which elements are violating IPR. Basic systematic error of IPR and counterfeit culture in China are main factors for the obstacles. Current state of the world’sRead MoreLand Rights And Property Rights1006 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic I chose for our assigned is ‘property rights’. The property rights we will review are the intellectual property, industrial property, copyrights and property rights are human rights. This is of great interest to me with anything to do with property rights as they are, â€Å"arguably property rights are the foundations of all human rights.† (Wilson, T. 2015). There are so many laws that govern protecting the inventor, from the timeframe, to who has ownership of those rights. We are findingRead MoreResearch in Motion: a Study in International Intellectual Property917 Words   |  4 PagesResearch In Motion: A Study in International Intellectual Property by Paul A. Langfield, M.S. An Introduction to Research In Motion (RIM) Canadian-based company Research In Motion (RIM) is an excellent case study in the challenges associated with Intellectual Property rights, especially in light of the company’s need to operate within the Intellectual Property frameworks of countries across the globe. Started by then twenty-three year old, Mike Lazardis in 1984, RIM has been involvedRead MoreThe Effects Of Digital Media On The World Of Copyrights1531 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Today’s digital artists work in an environment where information and access to design inspiration are, literally, at their fingertips. Many in the industry use the artwork of others in order to inspire their on artwork and provide content for their projects. However, I have noticed that many fail to give the proper credit to the artists’ whose work(s). Digital media and internet has transformed the world of copyrights in many ways. The digital environment has made it very easy to distributeRead MoreChinese Foreign Trade Relations : Intellectual Property Enforcement Context1164 Words   |  5 PagesImproving Chinese Foreign Trade Relations: Intellectual Property Enforcement Context I. Introduction American businesses are losing up to an estimated $60 billion each year in the global market from intellectual property violations. The problem continues to grow as more American companies invest overseas, and more products consist of intangible or intellectual property. American companies face more than just economic challenges: if losses of intellectual property rights continue to go unchecked, businessesRead MoreWhy Copyright Laws Are Important Today s Business World783 Words   |  4 Pages Assignment Unit 4 Introduction The progress and well-being of humanity lays on its capacity to create and invent new works in the areas of technology and culture. The promotion and protection of intellectual property encourages the commitment of additional resources for further innovation, spurs economic growth, creates new jobs and industries, and enhances the quality and enjoyment of life. (WIPO, n.d.) In this essay I am going to discuss why copyright laws are important in today’s businessRead MoreIntellectual Property Rights And Competition Law1304 Words   |  6 PagesAIM Critical analysis on when the use of intellectual property rights turns into abuse of intellectual property rights and further analysis on the trend of European competition authorities towards Intellectual property rights with specific reference to what is reiterated in the Magill cases. Introduction Intellectual property rights and competition law both seem to intervene at different junctures; however they work for attainment of one common goal that is consumer welfare. The reasons for thisRead MoreBarriers to Foreign Investment in the Chinese Internet Industry1675 Words   |  7 Pagescountry has the largest Internet user population among all countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Chinese laws make foreign investment difficult, and the country -- quite unlike the United States -- has strict legal controls on information and distribution and poor enforcement of intellectual property laws. This article explains the barriers facing high-tech companies in China. [pic] Introduction | | China has the largest population and one of the fastest-growing

Freud And Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay - 2531 Words

Freud And Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist and at the forefront of the humanist movement in psychology, proposed a theory concerning basic human motivations that are based upon a hierarchy of needs. (Boeree 1998, 2006) Often described or pictured as a pyramid, basic physiological drives like thirst, hunger and sleep, as well as the need for safety, shelter and some feeling of security are the motivational needs that occupy the bottom tiers of the pyramid.. They provide the foundation for higher levels of needs to become present and available that the individual is aroused or driven to attain. Once those physiological and safety needs are met then the individual looks to love and be loved, to belong†¦show more content†¦While the constraints of brevity in paper length and the minimal knowledge held by the author of the life of Sigmund Freud does not do justice to the complex person that is Freud, we can still hopefully garner a better understanding of Maslows hierarchy of need s and the person that is Sigmund Freud. While concerning ourselves more with Freud the person, as opposed to how his work or theories might fit into Maslows pyramid, lets move Freud through the five original levels of Maslows hierarchy and see what we might learn of both Maslows theory, and Sigmund Freud. Maslows foundation tier, the one upon which all others are built upon, is the physiological need. Air to breathe, food and water, and adequate sleep are all basic biological needs that the individual must have met. Not only to be motivated by the next level of need in the hierarchy, but to survive. The bodys biological drives to fulfill these needs will predominate all other activities, as the very life of the organism is at stake. ( Boeree 1998, 2006) Built just atop these most basic of biological needs is a need for safety. Shelter is imperative for the survival and growth of the individual and her immediate loved ones. Beyond just shelter, however, the safety need motivates theShow MoreRelatedMaslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesmotivations that was based upon a hierarchy of needs. Basic physiological drives like thirst, hunger and sleep, as well as the need for safety, shelter and some feeling of security are the motivational needs that must first be met. They provide the foundation for higher level of motivations to become present and available as needs the indvidual is aroused to attain. Each higher order of motivational need is built upon a more basic need. After physiological and safety needs are met then the individualRead MorePersonality Paper1187 Words   |  5 Pagesbecause of the movie, â€Å"A Beautiful Mind†. Taking a look at John Nash and his personality and how psychologists, such as Jung and Freud would see John Nash through their diagnoses. Also taking a look at how different theories would go up against John Nash and his everyday life. The different theories that will be looked at are the Five-factor model and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. John Forbes Nash John Nash â€Å"is by now arguably the best-known living scholar to have done serious academic work on economicRead MoreAbraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Essay1019 Words   |  5 PagesAbraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs is one of the first theories of motivation and probably the best-known one. It was first presented in 1943. in Dr. Abraham Maslow’s article A Theory of Human Motivation in Psychological Review, and was further expanded in his book â€Å"Toward a Psychology of Being†. Maslow tried to formulate a needs-based framework of human motivation. His research was based upon his clinical experiences with humans, rather than priorRead MoreThe Theory And The Psychoanalytic Theory1475 Words   |  6 Pagesbattling to explain these dynamic ideas. Of these theories, is the unorthodox Psychoanalytic theory, developed by the Sigmund Freud, and the Humanistic theory, advanced by Abraham Maslow. The psychoanalytic theory was first devised in 1886, and was used to explain behaviours in terms of their interaction with the various components of personality. In the beginning, Freud divided the human mind into the three parts; the conscious – the part that contains our present feelings and thoughts, the preconsciousRead MoreThe Psychodynamic And Humanistic Perspective1640 Words   |  7 Pagescharacteristics that give both consistently and individuality to a person’s behaviour† (Feist, pg. 4). The two perspectives we will be exploring are the psychodynamic and the humanistic perspective. The psychodynamic theory; influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud; stresses that our unconscious mind plays a major part in an individual’s personality, whereas, the humanistic theory; influenced by the work of Abraham Maslow; focuses on free will and experience in the development of personality. I chose these twoRead MorePersonality, Cognitive, And Humanistic Perspect ives Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud (1856-1939). Freud was one of the first psychologists to discuss the unconscious mind and its role in behaviour. Freud believed that there are three levels of consciousness and used the comparison of an iceberg to describe them. The unconscious mind which exist outside of your awareness at all times. Freud argued that this part was one of the most important aspects of personality (McLeod, P. 2014). It like an ice berg the most important part you cannot see from this Freud believesRead MorePsychodynamic approach: the basics1202 Words   |  5 Pagesof development and explain how it accounts for the psychological development, health and behaviour of the individual. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was considered the founding father of the psychodynamic approach. Psychodynamic theory is a view that explains personality in terms of conscious and unconscious forces, such as unconscious desires and beliefs, Sigmund Freud proposed a psychodynamic theory according to which personality consists of the id, the superego and the ego (Chegg. (2003). DefinitionRead MoreTaking a Look at Personality Theories777 Words   |  4 Pagesof Neurotic Needs. Freud’s theory of Psychosexual talked about how personality develops during childhood. Erikson’s theory of Psychosocial Development is best-known for describing the impact social experiences has throughout the whole lifespan. And at last, Horney’s theory of Neurotic Needs focused on neurosis and how basic anxiety can be caused by interpersonal relationships. I believe the Psychoanalytic theory was probably the most influential force because it was inspired by Freud and was expandedRead More A Deconstruction of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty Essay793 Words   |  4 Pagesmisfit in society.   He is often unaware of the world around him and reacts in what others would call a negative way to those situations he actually responds to.   However, close examination of the text used by James Thurber to portray him prompts a need to deconstruct the character Walter Mitty.   In doing so, we find that, far from being a misfit, he is actually the one member of society that is truly sound. To determine that he is truly unique, we must first show that Mitty has elevated himselfRead MoreMaslow and Jung: Life and the Workplace955 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace We work, strive, succeed, and sometimes we fail. What drives us to succeed, or in some cases keeps us from success? Perhaps a better understanding of our motives, and the motives of our colleagues would help us make the personality changes we need to succeed. The way we interact with others in the workplace and our personal life may be improved. The Freudian theories opened our minds to many of our odd behaviors but did little to provide methods of self-examination. Very few of us have the

Greek And Roman Architecture Essay Paper Example For Students

Greek And Roman Architecture Essay Paper Running Head: Greek and Roman Architecture Greek and Roman Architecture By: Michelle Garrotters Art 101 November 2nd, 2008 Head: Greek and Roman Architecture Compare the characteristics and innovation of each Greek and Roman Architecture. The Greek and Roman architecture is very impressive for not only their time but also in our time today. The Greek architecture uses the columns in almost all of their temples. The shapes of the columns were extremely important to the Greeks. They used three different types of columns. The Doric, Ionic, and the Corinthian. All of these columns have a center piece that would be for displaying their Greek God(s) with what ever decorations. The Temple of Olympian Zeus is an example of Corinthian columns. The Temple of Poseidon is an example of Doric columns, and Athens is an example of Ionic columns. The Greeks usually built with either mud, wood, plaster, and/or stone. Most of their buildings have not stood the test of time. Only temples made with marble or limestone these were built as objects of art honoring their different gods. These have been able to withstand the damage that time brings. The Roman architecture used mostly arches in their works. Which held more weight than the columns. Yes they used columns but only as decoration because of the weight. The Pantheon in Rome is a great example of this architecture. This building housed two kings and is one of the biggest surviving building in Rome. Romans used the same materials as the Greeks especially the Marble and Limestone. But they perfected the use of concrete, which is what most of their structures are made with. Most of the Romans buildings that are still preserved today are amphitheaters, bathhouses, aqueducts, and public housing. Unlike the Greeks the Romans did their buildings with lots of ornate on both inside and outside reflecting the Pursuit of Pleasure which is an essential part of the Roman culture. In summary, Greek architecture is more rectilinear and of post and lintel construction. Greek buildings usually rectilinear, consisted to a pediment supported by columns on a plinth for a base. Romans mastered the arch and the dome. Concrete made it possible to have more complex forms. Columns were used in both with the Greek favoring the Doric and Ionic for the cleaner lines. While the Romans preferred to use the more ornate Corinthian style columns.

The Battle Of Antietam Essay Example For Students

The Battle Of Antietam Essay The battle of Antietam Patrick MoffattIn the battle of Antietam, also known as the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, the Union forces vastly out-numbered the Confederates. The Unions inadequate commanders and generals included, Major-General George Brinton McClellan, Major-General Joseph Hooker (1Corps), Major-General Edwin V. Sumner (2 Corps), Major-General Fitz-John Porter (5 Corps), Major-general William B. Franklin (4 Corps), Major-General Ambrose E. Burnside (11 Corps), Major-General Joseph Mansfield (8 Corps), and Brigadier-General Alfred Pleasonton (Cavalry Division). The Union army was split up into 195 infantry regiments, 14 cavalry regiments and 63 batteries, which gave McClellan a total strength of approximately 87,000 men and 378 guns. Of these 2,108 men were killed, 9549 were wounded, and 753 were captured or missing. The Confederate Generals and leaders were as follows: General Robert E. Lee, Major-General Thomas J. We will write a custom essay on The Battle Of Antietam specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Jackson (Jacksons Corps), Major-General James Longstreet (Longstreets Corps), and Brigadier-General William Pendleton (Reserve Artillery). Lees strength only amassed to 86 regiments of infantry, 15 of cavalry and 73 batteries of artillery which gave him a total of 40,000 men and 292 guns. Of this force 1,512 men were killed, 7,816 wounded, and 1,844 captured or missing. At 2 P. M., 117 September 1862, the actual order to start the attack on Lee was given but due to delays only a desultory artillery engagement took place. Due to the delay the original plan was changed. The new plan included moving Hookers Corps across the northern end of the creek that was farthest from the confederates lines. With Sumner and Mansfeild standing by, McClellan launched a devastating flank assault on the left side of Lees army. At 6 P.M., the men from Hookers Corps crossed the creek and stumbled into Jacksons skirmish line. Thus alerting Jackson, after a small skirmish, to the presence of and movement of McClellans right wing. Lee was ready to face McClellan even though he only had 27,000 troops deployed. Where as McClellan had 75,000 in battle array. At 6. AM. Hooker sent his 10 brigades down the Hagerstown Turnpike. Brigadier-General Lawton sent a strong fore of Rebel Infantry into the cornfield, witch laid in the path of the Union attack. From hookers position he could see the sun shining off the bayonets of the confederate soldiers hidden in the corn. Hooker opens fire on the soldiers with his 36 cannons as well as Mclellans heavy battery. Jackson called for more troops. In response . H. Hill sent up three of his brigades, and John Bell Hood, Who had taken the men of his demi-division out of the line to cook their first hot meal in three days, also came up to meet the Yankee onslaught. Jacksons counter attack broke like a great wave on a breakwater. The tiring soldiers of the 1 corps fell back in confusion. Amongst the attacks and counter attacks Major-General Joseph K. F. Mansfield was hit with a stray shot. Brigadier-General Alpheus Williams tock over the 8 corps. Lee then ordered Walker and McLaws from the reserves to strengthen the left flank. By this time, Jackson had stopped the Union attacks but more than half his own command was now wounded or dead. Jackson (Stonwall) watched the long blue lines of troops approaching, and hurriedly scraped together the remains of his command, and placed them behind trees and rocks. When the Union forces were no more than a few yards away from the edge of the woods, the Confederates popped up and delivered a devistating volley of lead shot to the Union soldiers. Then Walker and Mclaws reached the field, ensuring the collapse of Sedgwicks flank. .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .postImageUrl , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:hover , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:visited , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:active { border:0!important; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:active , .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u528fd5e1763b76ce31ade7dcdc17f1fa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tying the Strings Essay Half of the Unions 5000 men regiment had fallen and the other half retreated. There were many other battles that made up the battle of Antietam but I have summed-up and described the basic tactics used by both sides. The battles forced Lee out of northern soil and gave the Union a victorHistory Essays